The first year of P. Nkurunziza third term was marked by a deep security, political and humanitarian crisis. In less than a year, the CNDD-FDD [1] has become a de facto single party, which regulates public and private life. Serious and massive human rights violations against those suspected to be opponent to the regime have widespread and constantly multiplied: more than 1,000 people killed, 5,000 detained, 800 missing, hundreds tortured, dozens of women sexually assaulted, thousands arbitrary arrests. FIDH and ITEKA have also identified more than a dozen mass graves and secret places of detention and torture. Moreover, Tutsis are increasingly targeted by the repression of security services. They are supported by Imbonerakure, the youth league of the ruling party, which act on the entire territory as auxiliaries of the police, the army and the National intelligence Service (SNR) [2] .
« Burundi has sunk into violence, authoritarianism, arbitrary and impunity. Security forces and their auxiliary forces have received the authorisation to kill, torture and make disappear presumed regime opponents. Freedom spaces have been drastically reduced and the independent civil society and medias are gagged. This is the tragic record of Pierre Nkurunziza, one year after his challenged re-election at the presidency of the Republic of Burundi »
Several hundreds of arbitrary arrests occur on the whole Burundian territory every week. This morning again, the police arbitrarily arrested an unknown number people in the Musaga district in Bujumbura. The day before, on July 20th, other arrests had taken place in Buringa in he western part of the country and also in Bujumbura the capital. Théodore Nsengiyumva, a former member of Burundian Armed Forces [3] (FAB) [4] and a local elected official of Agathon Rwasa’s [5] National Liberation Front (FNL), was arrested with no warrant at his home in Buringa by police officers led by station chief Edouard Nibizi. On that same day and in the same province, pastor Gérard Nsabimana and his friend Aimable Nibaruta were also arbitrarily arrested by the police. According to our information, they are suspected by law enforcement of supporting rebels of the Rukoko plain’s province. They are still detained in the Bubanza police station. In down-town Bujumbura, on July 20th, an unknown number of arbitrary arrests also occurred around noon.
For over a year, assassinations by unidentified gunmen and extrajudicial killings by Burundian security services are also common in Burundi. On July 13th, MP Hafsa Mossi [6], moderate figure of the CNDD-FDD, was murdered in the neighbourhood of Gihosha, in the northeast of Bujumbura. Two gunmen shot her around 10:30 am while she was in her vehicle. She died in Bujumbura military hospital from her injuries. Sources close to the deceased claimed that she had recently been threatened by high-ranking officials of the regime.
Meanwhile, members of civil society still in Burundi and journalists continue to be the prime targets of the authorities. Our organizations are informed almost daily of threats, intimidations and sometimes attacks on human rights defenders working on the field or refugees abroad. Marie-Claudette Kwizera, Treasurer of ITEKA, is still missing since December 10th 2015. In a year, we estimate that almost all representatives of human rights organizations have fled the country. Similarly, no media is allowed to broadcast free and independent information.
"Considering the on-going atrocities, the international community’s response is not enough. The African Union and the UN must urgently deploy a civilian-military force able to protect civilians and commit Burundian authorities to dialogue with the independent opposition and civil society."
From July 12th to 14th 2016, the second round of talks [7] between the government, the opposition, civil society and religious groups in Burundi should have been held in Arusha, Tanzania, under the auspices of the Uganda mediation, led by Benjamin Mkapa, former President of Tanzania. But Burundian authorities refused to negotiate with those they regard as "putschists" and to attend the opening ceremony. Among those present were some members of the main opposition coalition, the CNARED [8], including its president, Jean Minani. Members of civil society, as Pacifique Nininahazwe and Armel Niyongere, presidents of two human rights organizations, respectively FOCODE and ACAT-Burundi [9], also attended the event. In a tweet, Willy Nyamitwe, communication advisor of the presidency, stated that "Jean Minani, [Pacifique] Nininahazwe and Armel Niyongere were prosecuted and could not be invited to the dialogue" [10] . FIDH and ITEKA regret that these representatives were present without being able to dialogue with the government. Mediation has finally invoked an error in the invitations. Our organizations urge the international community and the Uganda mediation to ensure the holding of an inclusive and effective dialogue to get the country out of chaos.